The science of monotheism examines what is required of God of the attributes of majesty and perfection, and what is impossible for Allah of everything that is not worthy of Him.
Science of monotheism
Monotheism science illustrates what is required, and what is impossible for Allah . it also elaborates what is permissible of actions, and what is obligatory for the messengers and prophets, and what is impossible for them, and what is permissible in their right, and the related belief in the revealed books, and the pure angels. And the day of resurrection and recompense, predestination and judgment.
its benefit is the correction of belief, safety in the consequences, and the attainment of happiness in both worlds. Therefore; The messengers unanimously agreed on the importance of learning it.
Allah Almighty said:
[ وَمَا أَرْسَلْنَا مِن قَبْلِكَ مِن رَّسُولٍ إِلاَّ نُوحِي إِلَيْهِ أَنَّهُ لا إِلَهَ إِلاَّ أَنَا فَاعْبُدُونِ ]
[سورة الأنبياء: 25]
And We sent no Messenger before you but We revealed to him, (saying), `The truth is that there is no other, cannot be and will never be One worthy of worship but I, therefore worship Me (alone)
Allah almighty testified to Himself of oneness, His angels and the people of knowledge bore as well witness to it.
Allah Almighty said:
Allah (Himself) is witness that there is no God save Him. And the angels and the men of knowledge (too are witness). Maintaining His creation in justice, there is no God save Him, the Almighty, the Wise.
Since this is a matter of monotheism; It was incumbent upon every Muslim to take care of it in terms of learning, teaching, contemplation, and belief.
To build his religion on a sound foundation, tranquility, and submission, and be pleased with its fruits and results.
The recognized names for the science of monotheism
Among the Sunnis and the group it is called the science of Faith Sunnah Fundamentals of Religion Creed Sharia Greater Jurisprudence
characteristics of the creed of Ahl al-Sunnah wal-Jamaa’ah
Among the characteristics of the creed of Ahl al-Sunnah wal-Jamaa’ah are: Tawfeeqiyyah;
Ahl al-Sunnah means relying on the Book and the Sunnah to receive the belief in the understanding of the Companions, and submitting to God and His Messenger - may God’s prayers and peace be upon him - without interfering with the texts of the revelations with distortion, interpretation, disruption, adaptation, or representation. Chapter: Innovating and Innovating in Religion.
types of evidence
As for the types of evidence Sahihs of the transmission, unanimity of acceptance, sound reason, and common sense.
The meaning of the word monotheism in the language
Monotheism is a single source language that unifies, that is, making a thing one.
Al-Tawheed
The belief in God alone, who has no partner.
or it is Singling out Allah Almighty with what is specific to Him]
Evidence for monotheism from the Qur’an and Sunnah, and the sayings of the Companions and Followers
The texts of the Book and the Sunnah indicate monotheism, and that God is one in his lordship, one in his divinity, and one in his names and attributes.
1-Qur’an
It is found in the following Qur’anic verse Surah Maryam
[God of the heavens and the earth and everything between them. So worship Him and persevere in His servitude. Do you know of anyone equal to Him?]
2-The Sunnah of the Prophet, may Allah bless and grant him peace
When the Prophet (ﷺ) sent Mu`adh to Yemen, he said to him,
"You are going to a nation from the people of the Scripture, so let the first thing to which you will invite them, be the Tauhid of Allah. If they learn that, tell them that Allah has enjoined on them, five prayers to be offered in one day and one night. And if they pray, tell them that Allah has enjoined on them Zakat of their properties and it is to be taken from the rich among them and given to the poor. And if they agree to that, then take from them Zakat but avoid the best property of the people."
[ رَبُّ السَّمَاوَاتِ وَالأَرْضِ وَمَا بَيْنَهُمَا فَاعْبُدْهُ وَاصْطَبِرْ لِعِبَادَتِهِ هَلْ تَعْلَمُ لَهُ سَمِيّاً ]
The Prophet, may God’s prayers and peace be upon him and his family, commanded him to convey to them, above all else, the doctrine of monotheism, and to know them about Allah Almighty, and what is obligatory for him.
In the hadeeth of Imam Ahmad and at-Tirmidthi, verified as authentic, the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessing of Allah be upon him, said:
“Some people of the people of monotheism (Ahl-at-Tauheed) will be punished, being placed in the hellfire until they are like burnt coal, then they will have the mercy reach them, then they will be taken out and placed at the doors of Paradise. The people of Paradise will (come and) spray upon them some water and they will sprout up like the seeds of sprouts after the rushing water of the rainfall, then they will enter Paradise.”
’ When he died they did as he requested to his body, and Allah ordered the desert to gather whatever it had of him in it and the ocean likewise, until he stood in Allah’s Grasp. Allah U said, ‘O son of Adam, what caused you to do what you did?’ He said, ‘O Lord, I did so out of fear of you’ – and in another narration, ‘out of awe in you, and you know best–.’ The Prophet said, ‘Allah forgave him because of it, and he did no good actions, besides TAWHID.’”
It was narrated from 'Ubaidullah bin 'Abdullah bin 'Umar that his father said:
"Labbaika Allahumma Labbaik, Labbaika la sharika laka labbaik. Innal-hamda wan-ni'mata laka wal-mulk, la sharika lak (Here I am, O Allah, here I am. Here I am, You have no partner, here I am. Verily all praise and blessings are Yours, and all sovereignty, You have no partner).
" And Ibn 'Umar added: "Labbaika Labbaika wasa'daika wal-khayr fi yadika, warraghba' ilaika wal-'aml (Here I am, here I am, and at Your service; all good is in Your hands, seeking Your pleasure and striving for Your sake)."
عن أبي هريرة رضي الله عنه، عن النبي - صلى الله عليه وسلم - قال: [كانَ رجلٌ ممَّن كان قبلكم لم يعمل خيراً قطُّ؛ إلا التوحيد، فلما احتُضر قال لأهله
The Prophet (p) said, “There was a man who came before you who did no good whatsoever, except TAWHID. When his time to die came, he said to his family, ‘Look, if I die have my body burnt to coal, then make them into ashes and wait for a windy day and throw half of the ashes in the desert, and half in the ocean. By Allah, if Allah decides to punish my body, He will punish it like none other in the universe.
